CentOS 安装 MongoDB-白红宇

CentOS 安装 MongoDB

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发布时间：2019-06-12

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从MongoDB3.0版起，其安装包比以前更细化，有的朋友可能不太了解区别，简单说明一下:

Linux 64-bit legacy 这个版本即mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.1.tgz 不推荐在正式环境使用，这个版本特点是没有连接ssl相关的库，并且可能缺少针对操作系统的一些性能优化，但是可以测试用，安装简单。推荐按相应操作系统版本选择对应的安装包如centos6 rhel6选择RHEL 6 Linux 64-bit，即mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz这个安装包。

根据服务器的硬盘情况，其中/home为固态盘，/data为固态盘 /storage为机械盘

[root@mail ~]# df -lh

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 197G 1.6G 186G 1% /

tmpfs 63G 0 63G 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 380M 70M 290M 20% /boot

/dev/sdb1 733G 197M 696G 1% /data

/dev/sda5 410G 235M 389G 1% /home

/dev/sdc1 9.0T 40M 8.5T 1% /storage

安装openssl

#yum install -y openssl-devel openssl

# wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz

# tar xzvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1.tgz

# mkdir -p /home/local/

# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.1 /home/local/mongodb

# mkdir -p /data/mongodb

# mkdir -p /data/logs/mongodb

# touch /data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log

# chmod -R 777 /data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log

设置ulimit -n和ulimit -u的值大于20000。如果ulimit的值设置过低的话，当MongoDB处于频繁访问的状态下，将会产生错误，最终导致无法连接到MongoDB实例。

# ulimit -n 25000

# ulimit -u 25000

# cd /home/local/mongodb/bin/

# vi mongodb.conf

port=20000 #端口

dbpath= /data/mongodb #数据文件存放目录

logpath=/data/logs/mongodb/mongodb.log #日志文件存放目录

logappend=true #使用追加的方式写日志

fork=true #以守护程序的方式启用，即在后台运行

maxConns=5000 #最大同时连接数默认2000

bind_ip=127.0.0.1,172.16.20.126 #只允许通过局域网IP：172.16.20.126及本机访问

noauth=true #不启用验证

nohttpinterface=true

rest=false

设置防火墙，以便局域网内的其它服务器可以访问

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 20000 -j ACCEPT

/etc/init.d/iptables restart

如果没有numactl命令，使用yum安装

yum install -y numactl

在proc中关闭NUMA

# echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/zone_reclaim_mode

# sysctl -w vm.zone_reclaim_mode=0

启动命令：

# numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod --config /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf

或

# numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf

about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.

forked process: 25071

child process started successfully, parent exiting

正常停止方法:

# ps aux | grep mongod

# kill -2 PID

或

# /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongo -port 20000

> use admin

> db.shutdownServer();

2015-03-19T00:43:27.760+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.

2015-03-19T00:43:27.760+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'

不重启服务器的情况下解决办法,在Linux下执行：

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

服务器重启后立即生效办法：

# vi /etc/rc.local

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; then

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; then

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

开机自动启动mongodb

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

rm -rf /data/mongodb/mongod.lock

numactl --interleave=all /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /home/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb.conf

说明：启动时必须加numactl --interleave=all

二、MongoDB 3.0安装配置faq

MongoDB 3.0版本安装介质

MongoDB 3.0版本安装包比以前更细化，有的朋友可能不太了解区别，简单说明一下:

Linux 64-bit legacy 这个版本即mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.0.tgz 不推荐在正式环境使用，这个版本特点是没有连接ssl相关的库，并且可能缺少针对操作系统的一些性能优化，但是可以测试用，安装简单。

推荐按相应操作系统版本选择对应的安装包如centos6 rhel6选择RHEL 6 Linux 64-bit，即mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0.tgz这个安装包。

有朋友反应安装不上，因为还需要安装相应的依赖库如OpenSSL 相关的库。

如下所示，就是缺少OpenSSL 相关的库

ldd mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongodmongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod: /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10: no version information available (required by mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.0/bin/mongod)linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffffd961000)libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003d5b600000)libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x0000003d62e00000)libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x0000003d60e00000)librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x0000003d5be00000)libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003d5ae00000)libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00000039bc800000)libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003d5ba00000)libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x0000003d5ce00000)libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003d5b200000)/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003d5aa00000)libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x0000003d61a00000)libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x0000003d60a00000)libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x0000003d5e200000)libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x0000003d60600000)libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x0000003d5c200000)libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x0000003d61e00000)libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x0000003d60200000)libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x0000003d5d600000)libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x0000003d5ca00000)

安装好后

[root[@ccj-sf](/user/ccj-sf) export]# ldd /export/mongodb/bin/mongodlinux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff8f7ff000)libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f6e0d5a9000)libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x00007f6e0d33d000)libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x00007f6e0cf59000)librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007f6e0cd51000)libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f6e0cb4d000)libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c846000)libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c5c2000)libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f6e0c3ac000)libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f6e0c017000)/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f6e0d7cf000)libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00007f6e0bdd3000)libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x00007f6e0baed000)libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x00007f6e0b8e8000)libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00007f6e0b6bc000)libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00007f6e0b4a6000)libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00007f6e0b29a000)libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x00007f6e0b097000)libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f6e0ae7d000)libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f6e0ac5d000)

配置文件

mmapv1引擎，配置文件与2.x版本完全相同。如：

# cat mongod.cnf dbpath=/export/data/mongodb30/mongodlogpath=/export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.logpidfilepath=/export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.piddirectoryperdb=truereplSet=a3logappend=truekeyFile=/export/data/mongodb30/keyport=20000fork=true

wireTiger引擎配置增加相关参数即可，以副本集为例，如：

# cat mongod.cnf dbpath=/export/data/mongodb30/mongodlogpath=/export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.logpidfilepath=/export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.piddirectoryperdb=truereplSet=a3logappend=truekeyFile=/export/data/mongodb30/keyport=20000fork=truestorageEngine=wiredTigerwiredTigerCacheSizeGB=10wiredTigerStatisticsLogDelaySecs=0wiredTigerJournalCompressor=snappywiredTigerDirectoryForIndexes=truewiredTigerCollectionBlockCompressor=snappywiredTigerIndexPrefixCompression=1

YAML 格式配置文件：

2.6版本就引入,以上面副本集为例：

$ cat mongodb.cnf systemLog: destination: file path: /export/data/mongodb30/log/mongod.log logAppend: truestorage: journal:  enabled: true dbPath: /export/data/mongodb30/mongod directoryPerDB: true engine: wiredTiger wiredTiger:  engineConfig:   cacheSizeGB: 10   directoryForIndexes: true  collectionConfig:   blockCompressor: snappy  indexConfig:   prefixCompression: truenet: port: 20000replication: replSetName: a3 security: keyFile: /export/data/mongodb30/keyprocessManagement: pidFilePath: /export/data/mongodb30/pid/mongod.pid fork: true setParameter:   enableLocalhostAuthBypass: false

单机去掉replication及keyfile设置即可，分片增加一些参数，如：

mongod增加